The liver filters toxins, metabolises nutrients and produces proteins. When it does not work properly, the impact on the animal's health is significant.
Symptoms of liver disease
Loss of appetite and weight: the dog eats less or refuses food.
Vomiting and diarrhoea: often intermittent.
Polyuria and polydipsia: drinks and urinates more than usual.
Jaundice: yellowish colouring of the skin, mucous membranes and eyes.
Ascites: accumulation of fluid in the abdomen.
Hepatic encephalopathy: disorientation, erratic behaviour, seizures when unfiltered toxins reach the brain.
Causes
Chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, drug toxicity, infections or tumours. Breeds such as the Bedlington Terrier, Labrador or Dobermann have a genetic predisposition.
Diagnosis
Blood tests with liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), abdominal ultrasound and in many cases a liver biopsy.
The liver diet: cornerstone of treatment
High-quality protein: dogs with liver disease should not receive a low-protein diet except in cases of encephalopathy. Highly digestible sources such as egg or chicken reduce ammonia.
Low in copper: copper accumulates in certain diseases. Avoid organ meats and shellfish.
Rich in antioxidants: vitamin E and C protect liver tissue.
High digestibility: easily digestible ingredients reduce the metabolic workload.
Commercial food or home-made diet?
There are specific veterinary foods for liver support. A home-made diet is possible but must be designed with a veterinary nutritionist.
Check our section of liver diets for dogs for options formulated by specialist vets.
